I had a one year old who would vomit every time I tried to put her to bed. It was really horrible.
For one thing, it's best that you never give in to her. Obviously she has found that vomiting is something that will manipulate you into giving her what she wants.
It isn't good for her to still be on a bottle. She will feel like she has to be more grown up if she does not have it. You will need to take her away from her and start with a sippy cup. Usually bottles aren't recommended beyond the first year or so, and definitely not beyond 2 years.
You might want to take her into the doctor to make sure that there isn't an underlying problem from the vomiting (such as damage to her esophagus) but you should treat these tantrums like you should any other. Say nothing, put her in her room and close the door, or sit her down and stay with her and wait out the tantrum. Saying nothing and avoiding contact with her while she is having her fit is important. She might like the attention she gets, plus getting her way, as a result of the vomiting. Being consistent and firm with her should end it.