Fetal Pain
Pain is an emotional and
psychological experience that requires
conscious recognition of a noxious
stimulus. Consequently, the capacity
for conscious perception of pain can
arise only after thalamocortical
pathways begin to function, which
may occur in the third trimester
around
29 to 30 weeks’ gestational
age, based on the limited data
available. Small-scale histological
studies of human fetuses have found
that thalamocortical fibers begin to
form between 23 and 30 weeks’
gestational age, but these studies did
not specifically examine
thalamocortical pathways active in
pain perception.