An enlarged testicle can be attributed to several reasons or conditions:


1. Testicular tumor- this type of tumor is usually painless and grows slowly over a longer period of time;


2. Testicular inflammation (orchitis) - inflammation develops in a few days and is very painful and warm. A fever can be present;


3. Inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) – presents the same symptoms as during orchitis plus some symptoms of urinary tract infection (frequent, burning urination);


4. Hydrocela- during this condition an excessive amount of liquid is collected in the space between the visceral and parietal testicular coverings. The reasons for hydroclea can be various (trauma, infection, tumor);


5. Spermatocela- this condition manifest as enlargement of some of the smaller spermatic canal. It is a painless cystic formation located above or behind the testicle and filled with sperm;


6. Varicocela – enlarged vein plexus (plexus pampiniformis) due to disturbed circulation in the testicular or spermatic vein. A variocela is slightly painful and develops over a longer period. This condition disturbs spermatogenesis;


7. Scrotal hernia-organs from the abdominal cave (usually omentum or intestines) can be inborn or acquired. A scrotal hernia is usually a little painful and can retreat spontaneously but reoccurs later. Scrotal hernias can be life threatening if the hernia stacks in the scrotum and its blood supply becomes disturbed (incarceration).








There are also some less likely diagnostic options such as testicular torsion, haematocele...but you should consult a urologist as soon as possible.