You are safe to have sex again once your treatment is completed, unless your doctor tells you otherwise. However, it is recommended that women retest three to four months after treatment is completed to make sure that the chlamydia is, in fact, gone.
You can look here
http://www.cdc.gov/std/Chlamydia/STDFact-C
hlamydia.htm#treatment for more information, but keep in mind the internet is not a substitute for a doctor. If you think of more questions, you can write them down so you don't forget, then ask the doctor if you go to get retested at 3-4 months. Also, make sure you read any paperwork that comes with your medication (I know it's kind of late since you already finished these meds, but for future reference) as they will often tell you when it's safe to start having sex again and things like that.