Irregular menstrual cycles can be due to lack of ovulation (egg-cell expulsion). A "period" without ovulation is not a real menstrual period and usually it is not followed by cramps. Instead, when a woman does not ovulate, she does not experience pain; it is a painless period. Real periods come after ovulation and they are usually painful. Lack of ovulation can be due to a disorder of the axis hypothalamus-pituitary gland-ovaries. Hormonal analyses (FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, thyroxin, testosterone, DHEA…) should be checked.
Further, alcohol and cigarettes can damage spermatogenesis, or the production of sperm. If your boyfriend is ready and willing to give up smoking, he may become more fertile.
You can’t sense the fertilization of the egg-cell that happens in the fallopian tube.
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