No, prostate cancer is not the same as testicular cancer. Your prostate and your testicles are two different things in two different areas.
If you notice lumps or something else that seems odd on your testicles, then yes, you could go to your regular doctor. He or she might be able to let you know you have nothing to worry about, or take care of the problem depending on what it is, or refer you to a specialist if they felt that you needed one.
Prostate cancer is a little bit different. Since you cannot see your prostate, you can't watch it for any changes. There are some symptoms of prostate cancer, but they often don't even show up until years after the cancer starts growing in the prostate, if they ever show up at all. That means that chances are the only way you would know is by getting checked. Older men are at a far greater risk than younger men. Getting checked for prostate cancer is not as easy as having a doctor take a look at your testicles since, like I said before, you can't see and feel prostate as easily. The doctor would put on gloves, and feel your prostate through your rectum to see if anything feels abnormal. If you are under 40, are not African-American, and do not have a family history of prostate cancer, then it probably isn't something you need to worry about just yet. However, if you plan on going to the doctor anyway, you could always ask if they will check you, or ask if they think you should be checked for whatever reason.