Lithium is one of the most widely used mood stabilizers for BD. I use it. I have never had any such reaction, nor have I ever heard of anyone else having the same response.
What does that mean? Nothing, I guess. Medication is an individual thing for each person. There is probably a very small percentage of people who die from Lithium but I don't know of any, but it is there. So for you it may or may not give you homocidal rage.
That burst of anger is very important, let your doctor know all about it. If they havn't done anything that doesn't mean that they have forgotten about you. Maybe they are waiting to see if that will happen again. What you experienced was classic bipolar disorder as well as a few other mental illnesses. Pay attention to if you go depressed afterwards and your feelings there too.
Your doctor may decide to give you another medication, like me, I take two mood stabilizers, one antidepressant, and one who knows what it is. Keep a log of your outbreaks, your internal anger attacks, your feelings and emotions including your homocidal feelings. Save them all for your next visit and don't give up, not that you have a choice.