Your son may have a congenital (inborn) anomaly or be experiencing acquired damage (in the early stages of life) of the central nervous system.
All congenital anomalies are subdivided in 2 main categories: inherited and not-inherited. Inherited congenital anomalies are due to genetic defect(s), or mutations, of the parent(s)' genes that are inherited by the child. An example of this is ataxia teleangiectatica.
Not-inherited congenital anomalies are, in fact, acquired during the embryonic/fetal development in the mother’s uterus. They are usually caused by a viral infection, radiation or a teratogenic substance, including medicine.
Acquired brain damages can occur during delivery or in the early stages of childhood. Cerebral paralysis can be acquired during fetal development or after delivery. Sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish among inherited, not-inherited, congenital, and early stage acquired brain damages given only clinical manifestations.
For a precise diagnosis, your son needs a physical and mental examination, genetic examinations, CT-scan, an MRI of the brain and spinal cord, an EMG, and EEG. You can appeal to a pediatric neurologist for assistance.
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