Triglycerides are one component of blood fats (lipids). They travel through the blood stream bound to blood proteins. When increased (hyperlipidemia), triglicerides and another lipid (cholesterol) can cause a blood vessel disease named "atherosclerosis". Lipids collect in the arterial wall, creating structures called "atherosclerotic plaques". Coronary arteries, brain arteries and the arteries of the lower extremities can be especially affected. The process of atherosclerosis is also supported by high blood pressure, smoking and increased blood sugar. Regions wherein atherosclerotic plaques are present are especially under risk of thrombosis. Thrombosis in an arterial blood vessel stops the blood streamfrom flowing and causes infarct of an organ (heart attack, brain stroke, gangrene of the leg etc.).