Common causes
gingivitis
poor oral hygiene
inadequate plaque removal
tarter accumulation
periodontitis (advanced form of gingivitis)
anticoagulants such as coumadin and heparin
self-inflicted oral trauma, such as toothbrush abrasion, improper flossing
infection, which can be either tooth or gum related
vitamin c deficiency
vitamin k deficiency
hormonal changes during pregnancy
chemical irritants such as aspirin
leukemia
placement of new dentures can lead to denture sores/irritations
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
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