Don't feel bad I didn't know how either. I looked it up and this is some of what I found:
amniocentesis (pre-birth)
(amnio) -a common pre-birth dna procedure for collecting a sample of ambiotic fluid which contains the cells, dna, of the unborn child.
Normally performed between the 14th and 20th week of pregnancy but may be performed anytime after the 14th week for establishing paternity.
Amniocentesis is a procedure performed during pregnancy in which amniotic fluid is withdrawn from a woman's uterus to test for certain problems in the fetus, such as genetic defects, fetal infections, fetal lung immaturity, or rh sensitization. The word "amniocentesis" literally means "puncture of the amnion," the fluid-filled sac that encloses the fetus during pregnancy. During amniocentesis, a needle is inserted through a mother's belly into the sac of amniotic fluid, the watery fluid that surrounds the fetus, and a small amount of the fluid is removed. The fluid, which is produced by the fetal lungs and kidneys and the umbilical cord, contains skin cells the fetus has shed and biochemical substances that the fetus has produced. These cells can be sent to a laboratory, where they are isolated and grown so that their genetic material (chromosomes) can be tested, or so other laboratory tests can be done.
Does amniocentesis hurt? Most women will feel slight pain during amniocentesis. For the first day or so afterward, some women may feel cramps like those during their menstrual period, but that is the most discomfort a woman undergoing the procedure is likely to experience. Bleeding, fever, or leaking of amniotic fluid after amniocentesis may occur and should signal a call to your doctor.
Chorionic villus sampling (cvs): (pre-birth)
this procedure is performed vaginally, usually between the 9th and 12th weeks of gestational age.
Procedure- a specialist obtains a sample from the placenta which contains the cellular material of the fetus.
Suggestions: if you are considering a pre-birth dna procedure. . .
First, consult with your physician about your health, the babies health and the low risk factors of these procedures. Pre-natal procedures can be performed only once during your pregnancy.
Normally your insurance will not cover the cost of these procedures unless your doctor has ordered a chromosome analysis. If the chromosome analysis is performed a portion of the amnio fluid can be submitted for dna paternity testing.
You will be responsible for payment of the pre-natal procedures and the cost of dna testing evaluation.
If you do not currently have a doctor we suggest that you contact a local ob/gyn, a perinatologist, a genetic counselor, planned parenthood, family or walk-in clinics, or a midwives and alternative birthing center. All of these can be found in your local yellow pages and on the internet.
Call us toll free at 1-866-889-3410 anytime to discuss your needs and questions or submit our email form to learn more.
Hope that helped a little.