it definitely depends on a lot of things, but it definitely not a form of birth control. Most men have pre-ejaculate that contain sperm and it only takes one!
I have known many women on both sides of this fence. My mom's friend uses this method and hasn't gotten pregnant in 15 years (she has 4 kids, and that's how many they wanted), then my friend just got pregnant from it. So it depends on a lot of things, but if you want worst case scenario, of course you can get pregnant.
I'm not sure of the odds, but they are definitely up there.