From my brief reading, I learned that spinal fusion candidates may not necessarily be artificial disc replacement candidates. It is not an ideal procedure for people experiencing instability, spondylolisthesis, degenerative scoliosis, or people with many levels of disease.
On the other hand, artificial disc replacement aims to preserve motion. In the North America., only the Charité Artificial Disc has been evaluated and approved for people with one bad disc to be sued for a single level degenerative disc disease between Lumbar segment 4 and Lumber segment 5. Europeans seem to have a somewhat different attitude about the condition and might be willing to perform multiple disc replacements simultaneously.
Artificial disc surgery has two major advantages to spinal fusion:
1. You can directly treat the diseased disc segment that creates pain and disabling symptoms
2. Preserving motion with an artificial disc replacement may prevent mechanical problems experienced by other discs, although the procedure may not totally eliminate these
Does that help?