That's the phenoesophageal ligament you're speaking of. It anchors things in place. When that weakens --you have yourself a hernia
A hernia itself cannot be infected and inflamed . It's a weakness in the diaphram where part of the stomach and esophagus slide up into the chest. It doesn't stay in the chest , a sliding hernia slides up and back down. Your stomach and esophagus may be inflamed however. If you really had an infection you'd be given antibiotics.
Many people have hernias but don't have any symptoms. -- in fact they don't even know they have a hernia. A hernia itself doesn't really cause symptoms. In some people , a hernia contributes to GERD---by affecting the Lower Esophageal Sphincter and allowing abnormal acid exposure to the esophagus --- and it's the acid that causes heartburn and other symptoms.
Sometimes GERD can affect your breathing by allowing acid in your breathing tubes. A hernia itself can't cause breathing problems--- well a hiatal hernia can affect breathing only if it's a really really big one. If you have a lot of gas, that can affect breathing too. Or you may have a seperate problem. It's good you're getting additional tests for your breathing.
I have a hiatal hernia. i took acid reducing medication (Prevacid, Zantaz, Protonics) forever until I learned about the "diaphragm shifting technique"...However I do for free at home and don't need a chiropractor... Now I never have it don't need medications and all is good!
Biopsies of the esophagus are taken at endoscopy to check for esophagitis ( esophageal inflamation) , Barretts esophagus , and biopsies of the stomach are taken to check for h pylori bacteria etc. It is routine. Most people are biopsied , i was.
It was good that I was biosied to realize I had a Hiatal Hernia and then I found out how to cure it naturally for free using the diaphragm shifting technique.