There is a type of writing called historical fiction. Heck, even in fiction itself... real places and real events can be mentioned, but, the part that makes it fiction is some of the characters and events that happen. Think of Moby Di
ck. Boats and whales are certainly real. The port the boat leaves from is a real port in the UK. But the great white whale and the hunter Ahab were
not real. That doesn't make whales and boats fake too, just because they are in a fictional story.
Get it? The Bible obviously lists real places, real people (on occasion) and real events (sometimes). That doesn't necessarily mean that
all of it is true however! The Illiad and the Oddessey mention many real places and events... but they have a cast of fake characters who do fake things. That doesn't make the Peloponesian war
fake.
So... Jerusalem is obviously a real city. So are the many other places you mention milletics. And, perhaps a person named Jesus was born there. But, just like in the Illiad, when reality and fantasy start to separate, you know that those parts of the story are fictional. I don't see anyone swearing by the Illiad that Cyclopses and Witches exist. So why is it so hard to believe that the more fantastical parts of the Bible could simply be made up for the same reason ancient people wrote other amazing stories? It was done to inspire. To teach lessons. It was done to explain the unknown and the frightening aspects of the world that the ancient people didn't understand.
That's what
I personally believe. I think it's a belief that is in no way degrading towards christians, because I'm not saying they're wrong, and I'm not denying the existence of Jesus. Am I questioning his divinity? Yes, of course, and for logical reasons.