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Q: The Eclia test for HIV
asked by: DoctorQuestion on September 14th, 2009
Hello sir,

Let me describe briefly. I am a male, 20 years old. 6 weeks back I had unprotected oral and protected vaginal sex with a bar girl in Bangkok, Thailand. After sex, the girl masturbated me for about a minute. I then washed my penis with soap immediately. Then at 6 weeks I got tested for HIV. The test was a rapid test: Anti HIV test by ECLIA method. The test result is non-reactive. I would like to know a few questions.
1. How much reliable is an ECLIA test?
2. How much reliable is a test at 6 weeks past exposure?
3. Is ECLIA test the same as ELISA test? What is the sensitivity and specificity of an ECLIA test?
4. Do I need to get retested?
5. Is ECLIA a 3rd generation or 4th generation test?
6. Finally, what is my risk from this single unprotected oral sex, protected vaginal sex and masturbation after sex for about a minute?

Keenly looking forward to your reply. Thanking you in advance.

Kind regards,
Qazi.


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Dr. Andrijana Shterjovska , MD
replied on September 29th, 2009
HIV and AIDS Answer A7389
ECLIA (electrochemiluminescence immunoassay) is a type of immunoassay.


An immunoassay is a biochemical test that measures the concentration of a substance, using the reaction of an antibody or antibodies to its antigen.


Depending on what is linked to either the antibody or the antigen, there are several types of immunoassay: enzyme immunoassay (EIA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), magnetic labels (MIA), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).


All of the above mentioned methods (including ECLIA) are quite reliable. ECLIA is not the same as ELISA, because they have different substances attached in order to detect the substance that is checked for.


Given the data you provided (unprotected oral sex, protected vaginal sex, and negative HIV rapid test with ECLIA method after 6 weeks), it is likely that you are HIV negative. However, because the test checks for antibodies versus HIV, they might not be developed if your immune system is weakened.


In people that received Anti-HIV treatment after exposure, antibodies might need more time to be produced. In these cases, it is recommended to retest at three and six months. If all the tests are negative, a definitive conclusion that you are negative can be given.


You might want to visit a specialist for infective diseases to consult about this issue.




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