Piercing pain that begins in the neck or back of the head and then spreads upwards, to the scalp, forehead, and even behind the eyes, is characteristic for headache known as occipital neuralgia.
You may feel scalp tenderness and eyes especially sensitive to light at the moments of headache.
The pain is caused by irritation or injury to the greater and lesser occipital nerves, which run from the area where the spinal column meets the neck, up to the scalp at the back of the head.
Trauma to the back of the head, pinching of the nerves by overly tight neck muscles, frequent lengthy periods of keeping the head in a downward and forward position,and other factors are found to be related to this type of headache.