pine cone extract works primarily by increasing dramatically the number of mature dendritic immune cells, these are the cells that are in charge of identification of pathogens and educating the immune system on said pathogens; most immune systems are in a state of constant inflammation due to attacking things, ie the body, that are really not pathogens and, thus, letting the real pathogens, ie viruses, cancer, go un-touched, pine cone extract, ie Proligna, is the premier Immune product of it's time