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Pain during or after intercourse and at other times can indicate the presence of ovarian cysts. Pain is also caused by a number of factors, such as size/growth of cyst, bleeding or bursting of a cyst, which irritates the abdominal tissues/peritoneum. Pain can also be caused when a cyst becomes twisted (called torsion), which can block the flow of blood to the cyst (usually seen with large cysts). Other symptoms include delayed, irregular, or unusually painful periods which should not be ignored (if you have had previous history of having ovarian cysts). If you have or experience any of these symptoms, report them to your doctor/gynecologist at the earliest. Occasionally, prescription of oral contraceptives or hormones to shrink functional ovarian cysts is given (hence, functional cysts are rarely seen in women who use oral contraceptives since this method of birth control prevents ovulation). The prescription of oral contraceptives are not an effective form of treatment for other types of benign ovarian cysts, but they do offer some protection against malignant ovarian cysts (ovarian cancer). Surgery is sometimes needed to treat ovarian cysts that are unresponsive to hormonal treatment (usually recommended if ovarian cysts do not disappear after a few menstrual cycles, or for extremely large cysts, or for suspected cancer). Investigations like pelvic ultrasound scan, laparoscopy, tumor marker tests help in diagnosis and planning of further treatment options. You can consider discussing these with your treating gynecologist or even take a second opinion from another gynecologist before moving ahead with further treatment. Be in regular monitoring and follow-up with your treating doctor/gynecologist and report any new/abnormal symptoms immediately. Drink plenty of water. Take adequate rest. Maintain healthy diet and lifestyle.
Take care.