I think it's called CODEPENDENCY.
Anyone wondering about this is better off to think about what you are looking for, really, when you choose a partner. Why do women take these men back time and time again? If you have a healthy self esteem and know you can live on your own and provide for yourself and that your existence doesn't hinge on the love of this particular person, you are less likely to put up with a ton of abuse or mistreatment. If you are healthy and happy to begin with, you are more likely to find a healthy and happy partner before getting into the relationship. Healthy means knowing what a mature relationship looks like and not relying on someone else to provide for you, make you feel good about yourself, or tell you how to feel. That boyfriend who needed to start a fight in order to feel loved would have been better off just asking straight out. For whatever reasons, so many of us have major issues with communication and dance around the subject rather than coming straight out with it and making ourselves vulnerable. You might feel awful if that person says "no, I don't love you," but at least you know and it's probably not going to kill you in the long run.
This isn't trying to blame the victim or anything. It's just that you can only work on yourself. That's the mistake all codependents make over and over. I can fix him. If I love him enough, I will make him change. We can only work on ourselves and our feelings are our own responsibility, at the end of the day.
I have these problems: I get into a really bad mood and feel really down on myself if my partner is in a bad mood. I immediately assume it's my fault he feels that way and that he is secretly resenting me. It's not so but I often feel that way. I'm working on that one, but it's easier said than done.