Besides lung cancer, shadows on a chest X-ray image could indicate pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, lung abscess, TBC, other granulomatous inflammations, Echinococcus larva, fibrotic changes, foreign bodies, pleurisy etc. Of course, all these disorders have specific X-ray image marks that can be used for differentiation. In certain cases, an X-ray image is not enough and additional advanced diagnostic procedures are required like CT/MRI-scan or bronchoscopy.