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It is very less likely that arthritis can occur suddenly in a young adult like yourself.
Presence of joint pains, body aches, along with symptoms like fever can be a sign of systemic inflammatory reaction, associated with viral or bacterial infections in the body. Eg. Common cold, streptococcal pharyngitis, etc.
The exact cause of your symptoms can be determined by a physical examination and a few blood tests, which can be determined by your doctor. In the mean time Over the counter antiinflammatory medications like advil and tylenol, might help to control your symptoms.