I am sorry to hear about all your troubles.
If that much material came out of your uterus, it is unlikely that any embryo would have survived. It sounds like a good part of your uterus lining shed in the process. At 3 weeks since conception (5 weeks gestational), a lot of things can go wrong with the cell division and growth process. And it is not because of something you did or did not do.
Our bodies will protect us from harm by spontaneously aborting any massively defective embryo that can harm us later. This can be because of tissue rejection, genetic problems, developmental or many other issues) I know it is no consolation, but it is just a fact of life and for our own good. Less than 40% of fertilized eggs will actually become babies.
I think that you have now seen to your surprise that perhaps you were more ready to start a family than you thought. So this is the ideal chance to stop the birth control, clean up your lifestyle and start to think seriously about starting a family.
Take care and best of luck.