In most cases, enlarged and tender lymph nodes are the result of the body's natural immune response to infection or inflammation. Over time, as the source of infection resolves, these "reactive" lymph nodes should gradually become less painful, and should decrease in size. Lymphoma, on the other hand, involves a progressive and generally painless enlargement of multiple lymph nodes, as the affected lymph nodes accumulate large numbers of malignant lymphoma cells (there are also other chronic non-malignant diseases that can cause enlargement of the lymph nodes, as well). In addition to enlarged lymph nodes, the neck and scalp are common sites for various types of benign solid and cystic lesions. For example, epidermal inclusion cysts (sebaceous cysts) can become inflamed, resulting in a red and tender mass which can sometimes drain purulent material (pus).
Of course, it is not possible to make a specific diagnosis for a patient over the Internet, so you should see your personal physician for a check-up to ensure that all is well.
Sincerely/ Robert A. Wascher, MD, FACS
http://doctorwascher.com
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