A physical exam of the testicles includes observation and manual palpation. The testicle that is examined is taken in one hand and gently pressed with the other. This way the doctor checks the condition of the organs within the scrotum: the testicles themselves, the epididymis, and the spermaticle cord that transfers the spermatozoids out of the scrotum. He would also search for structures that are not meant to be in the scrotum, such as varicocele. He might check if you have an inguinal hernia by pushing his finger close to the base of the penis on both sides and asking you to cough.