Diet in diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, renal failure

Welcome to e health forum.

You might be probably suffering from chronic renal failure, associated with diabetic or hypertensive nephropathy.

Normally, such patients are recommended to have small regular diabetic meals, do ‎energy-increasing physical activities and eat a low calorie diet (food that is low in protein, sodium, ‎potassium and phosphorus counts). Some patients of CKD are advised to have less intake of fluids.‎

RESTRICTION OF POTASSIUM : - ‎
Mostly, we consume potassium through milk, yogurt; fruits like avocado, kiwis, oranges, papayas, ‎banana, cantaloupe; Legumes - nuts; vegetables like beans, potatoes, tomatoes, spinach and fellow ‎leafy vegetables, sweet potato and animal protein. Potassium-based salt products, winter vegetable ‎juices and squash should also be strictly avoided.‎

RESTRICTION OF SODIUM : - ‎
Higher the salt intake, higher the risk of the CKD, high blood pressure and heart disease. Hence a large ‎amount of sodium intake must be restricted. Canned food, pickles, smoked meat, some frozen foods, ‎processed cheese, packed chips, junk food and crackers must also be avoided. Develop a habit of ‎reading the labels to get to know the level of sodium in the products we are consuming. Less than 5 ‎mg sodium per serving is sufficient to stay healthy.‎
Protein:‎
The limit on protein intake is 0.75g per kilogram of one's total body weight. One must consume enough ‎protein to keep oneself healthy but not in excess. Mainly meat, fish and dairy products are the sources ‎of protein. Edibles such as eggs, beef, cheese, bran breads, nuts and vegetable also contain a high ‎amount of protein.‎
Phosphorus:‎
Phosphorus consumption for normal people as well as for people with CKD non-dialysis is 2.7 to 4.6 ‎mg/dL. For CKD dialysis patients the target range is 3.5 to 5.5 mg/dL. Anything more than that must be ‎reduced. Poor maintenance of phosphorus can lead to not only total kidney failure but also to bone ‎diseases and heart troubles. ‎
Dairy products, nuts and beans (the main sources of phosphorus) and drinks and beverages like cocoa, ‎cold drinks and beer must be avoided.‎

Fluids:‎
Consumption of fluids is essential for normal people but for a patient of CKD, fluid intake must be ‎watched. More than 48 fl oz (1.4 L) of fluids a day must be avoided. Some fruits like apples, orange, ‎grapes and vegetables like lettuce also contain a lot of water. So, avoid such fruits.‎

OTHER USEFUL TIPS TO BE FOLLOWED : ‎
Vegetables like cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, bean sprouts, cucumber, lettuce, asparagus, mustard ‎greens, green beans, eggplant; white rice, corn cereals, popcorn and fish like tuna, catfish, swordfish, ‎codfish, mahi fish should be consumed for a healthy diet.‎

Use phosphorus binders such as calcium acetate (PhosLo), calcium carbonate (Caltrate and Tums) or ‎sevalemer hydrochloride (Renagel) when necessary. But with proper prescription from your doctor.‎

Never change any food pattern or your diet program without proper consultation with your doctor.‎ It's important to have routine medical checkups and keeping a track of the recent changes that occur.‎ Proper medication and exercise is a must.‎

Smoking and alcohol consumption must be reduced, and preferably completely avoided.‎
No meals should be skipped. Avoid taking huge meals at a time and divide meals into a 4-times a day ‎pattern.‎

Lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels must be maintained and observed time to time.‎
Last and most important, is keeping your mind healthy and motivated which has the greatest power to ‎cure any disease.‎

You might consider consulting a dietician or a nephrologist for additional help regarding your diet. ‎

I hope this helps.‎