I have been advised to get an Echo and Threadmill Test done.
I would like to understand what all Color Doppler Tests are normally covered by default, in a Standard Echo.
I am not looking at invasive Echos like for eg, Trans-Tthoracic Echocardiogram, Trans-Esophageal Echocardiogram, Dobutamine or Adenosine / Sestamibi Stress Echocardiogram, IntraVascular Ultrasound etc.
Rather, I am looking more at all non-invasive options of Color Doppler Echocardiography including all Modes (see Modes in “Doppler and Modes” below).

Also, I would like to get such a detailed Color Doppler Echo done once initially at resting state, then undergo a detailed Threadmill Test, and repeat the detailed Color Doppler Echo a second time immediately after the TT Exercise.

So, what would / should a doctor “prescribe” as complete Color Doppler Echo Tests to cover the above full range of Non-Invasive Echo Tests in all modes ?

Often many labs may have an old Echo machine with rather rudimentary features – I want to avoid such labs. So, how would one look for a lab, which has the latest Echo machines for all non-invasive options of Color Doppler Echocardiography including all the Modes as given in (D) below.

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Doppler and Modes :
The word “Doppler” is too often used in Echo like for eg, terms like : Doppler Ultrasound, Color Doppler, Doppler Echocardiography, Color Doppler Echocardiography, Colour Flow Doppler Imaging etc.

In one specifications document on Color Doppler Echocardiography, they state :

Modes – 2D, 3D, M-Mode, Steerable Pulsed-Wave / Continuous Wave Doppler, Color Doppler, and High Definition Color flow.

What I have gathered is the foll :

1) M-mode is said to be 1-D moving image of the heart to indicate the structures in the heart, such as the valves, chambers, and walls.

2) Conventional 2-D Echocardiographic systems emit high frequency bursts of sound (ultrasound) into the tissues (approximately 1540 m/sec).

3) Doppler echocardiography on the other hand (is it also 2-D ? - pl confirm), depends entirely on measurement of the Relative Change in the Returned Ultrasound Frequency when compared to the Transmitted Frequency, and is used to measure characteristics of disturbed flow : direction, velocity and turbulence.

4) 3D colour Doppler imaging has possibilities of volumic quantification of blood flow.

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I would like to know the foll :

a) As a default, is Doppler Echocardiography a 2-D Echocardiography ?

b) What are Steerable Pulsed-Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler ?

v) What is High Definition Color flow - as applied to Color Doppler Echocardiography ?

Thanks in advance.

PS : Pl also read my query under the topic : “ECG Interpretation and Calculations”, in the same “Heart Disease and Heart Attack” Forum.