You still should be re-tested to make sure the medication was effective and the infection is gone. Not everyone gets symptoms with Chlamydia and if left untreated, it can cause infertility.
Also, make sure that your partner is treated because you can get re-infected very easily. Regardless of who gave it to whom, you both need to be checked and treated for this and any other possible STDs.
You need to start using condoms *every single time* you have sex. There are worse things out there than Chlamydia and Gonorrhea. If you got HIV, what would you do without insurance? Don't let that happen. Please. Protect yourself.