A Pap-smear and colposcopy are not as
precise of diagnostic tools as a cervical
biopsy with a hysto-pathological
examination. A Pap-smear is the first
diagnostic level where desquamated cells
are examined and identified. If the
cytological report is OK, or only
inflammation is detected then no further
diagnostic procedure is requested. If
“moderate/severe dysplasia” or
“carcinoma in sity” (HSIL) is
reported, then the next diagnostic
procedure is to undergo a colposcopy with
a cervical biopsy. During the colposcopy,
the cervix is coated with acetic acid
solution and specific features are
observed under microscope. After that, the
cervix is coated with an iodic tincture.
Normal areas are colored brown while those
that are abnormal remain uncolored
(light). Biopsies are taken from the
uncolored areas of the cervix as much as
is needed. A histo-pathological
examination of the pieces taken from the
biopsies gives a 100% secure diagnosis and
can be different from that received from
the previous diagnostic procedures.
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