hi, I don't think the catheter a yr ago by Nurse at Hospital did that because u were there for the same problem BEFORE Nurse catheter u
you wonder how dr. could know size of prostate; but u asked what could and he said enlarged prostate possible
the PSA is most of the time worthless and has lots of controversy about using it
If u have insurance then see if u can get dr to order a ultra sound or they have tests where they put dye into your bladder to get a better look
Surgery can be iffy so risk vs reward
good luck